Key Data Set Information | |
Location | EU+EFTA+UK |
Reference year | 2017 |
Name |
Base name
; Treatment, standards, routes
; Mix and location types
; Quantitative product or process properties
AlcoholEthoxylate (petro) production, 7 moles EO; technology mix; production mix, at plant; 100% active substance
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Use advice for data set | Notice: this data set supersedes the EF3.0-compliant version (see link under "preceding data set version" below calculated with the EF3.0). The life cycle inventory is not changed from the original EF3.0 data set. The LCIA results are calculated based on the EF3.1 methods which provide updated characterisation factors in the following impact categories: Climate Change, Ecotoxicity freshwater, Photochemical Ozone Formation, Acidification, Human Toxicity non-cancer, and Human Toxicity cancer. The review report and the data quality ratings refer to the original results. The data set has been updated by the European Commission on the basis of the original EF3.0 data set delivered by the data provider. |
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General comment on data set | TYPE OF DATASET Each chemical compound is provided in aggregated (LCI results) and level-1 disaggregated (unit process, single operation) form. For more information, see the report (ecoinvent Association, 2020, Data on the Production of Chemicals created for the EU Product Environmental Footprint (PEF) transition phase implementation, www.ecoinvent.org, ecoinvent Association, Zurich, Switzerland). This dataset represents the LCI results. PROCESS DESCRIPTION The production volume of ethoxylated alcohols in Europe in 2000 was of 320000 tonnes per year (CESIO statistics 2000). 86% of this is estimated to be consumed in the region and the rest is exported (HERA 2002). Imports are not estimated to be significant (HERA 2002). Similar values are reported as consumed in the Union in the year 2002 (HERA 2009). The distribution between the different average numbers of EO molecules added, is taken from table 3.8 in HERA (2009). EO7 are estimated to be 38% of the total. The split between oleo and petro based ethoxylated alcohols is taken from Shah et al. (2016), the authors report 40% of production to be petrobased. Of the petrochemical based products 18 % is produced from the Ziegler process, while 82 % from the Oxo route. These shares are the ones currently used in version 3 of the ecoinvent database, Shah et al. (2016) confirm in their article that these shares are appropriate and represent the current practice. The oleobased products are produced from palm kern and coconut oil, the split between these two is assumed to be 50% each. The production represents a mix of 27% produced from fatty acid splitting, 56% produced from methyl ester on the basis of crude vegetable oil and 17% from methyl ester out of refined oil. References ecoinvent (2017) Data on the Production of Chemicals created for the EU Product Environmental Footprint (PEF) pilot phase implementation, www.ecoinvent.org, ecoinvent Association, Zürich, Switzerland Gendorf (2016) Umwelterklärung 2015, Werk Gendorf Industriepark, www.gendorf.de CESIO statistics 2000. In: HERA 2002. Alcohol Ethoxysulphates (AES) Environmental Risk Assessment. Human & Environmental Risk Assessment on ingredients of European household cleaning products. Retrieved from: http://www.heraproject.com/files/1-e-04-hera%20aes%20env%20%20web%20wd.pdf, accessed 30 January 2017 HERA 2002. Alcohol Ethoxysulphates (AES) Environmental Risk Assessment. Human & Environmental Risk Assessment on ingredients of European household cleaning products. Retrieved from: http://www.heraproject.com/files/1-e-04-hera%20aes%20env%20%20web%20wd.pdf, accessed 30 January 2017 HERA 200p. Alcohol Ethoxylates Version 2.0 September 2009. Human & Environmental Risk Assessment on ingredients of European household cleaning products. Retrieved from: http://www.heraproject.com/files/34-f-09%20hera%20ae%20report%20version%202%20-%203%20sept%2009.pdf, accessed 30 January 2017 Shah et al. 2016. Comparison of Oleo- vs Petro-Sourcing of Fatty Alcohols via Cradle-to-Gate Life Cycle Assessment. J Surfactants Deterg. 19(6), pp. 1333–1351 Water content of the reference product: 0.0 kg Biogenic carbon content of the reference product: 0.0 kg DATA QUALITY ASSESSMENT The data quality ratings for the datasets were determined as the average of the 5 individual ratings for Technological Representativeness, Geographical Representativeness, Time-related representativeness, Precision/uncertainty, and implementation of the End of Life Formula. The final scores for these 5 descriptors were determined by the independent, external reviewer after a discussion with the internal reviewers. The basis for this determination was generally a contribution analysis of the material and energy inputs as well as direct resource uses and emissions. This process was required by the tender. The contribution analysis is based on the most important flows in the dataset, defined in the tender specifications as "the unit processes contributing cumulatively to at least to 80% of the total environmental impact based on characterised and normalised results". In addition to unit processes, direct emissions also qualified as input exchanges for this approach. For the normalization, the normalisation factors "EC-JRC Global (2010 or 2013), per person" available at http://eplca.jrc.ec.europa.eu/?page_id=140 were used. For each parameter, the DQR scores were chosen to best reflect the conditions and quality of the amount value, the appropriateness of the chosen exchange for the specific needs of the system under analysis, and the quality of the foreground and background data for aggregated inputs of exchanges from the technosphere, i.e. not direct emissions or resource uses. ENERGY AND TRANSPORT INFORMATION SOURCE Energy and transport was used in both the foreground and background of this dataset. When building the dataset, energy and transport demands were supplied directly by datasets provided by Sphera. The background for every other input from technosphere uses a modified version of the ecoinvent database, created specifically for the PEF. In this version, every instance of energy and transport supply, anywhere in the database, was replaced by a dataset from Sphera. This ensures that every demand for energy and transport, in the foreground and in the background, is supplied by a Sphera dataset. BILL OF MATERIALS The bill of material includes the following inputs: fatty alcohol: 0.416 kg chemical factory, organics: 4e-10 unit ethylene oxide: 0.556 kg nitrogen, liquid: 0.019 kg tap water: 0.026 kg wastewater, average: -2.7e-06 m3 Electricity: 0.0676810844106 kWh Thermal energy (MJ): 0.834646632707 MJ. NOT INCLUDED EXCHANGES All known elementary exchanges are included. PROCESS DIAGRAM LEGEND The file 'Diagram of data for chemicals EF3.0' presents the general structure of the processes created for the EF chemical data. A complete flow diagram for the selected process is available in the relevant section. |
Copyright | Yes |
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Data set valid until | 2024 |
Technological representativeness | |
Technology description including background system | Alcohol ethoxylates (AE) are produced by the reaction of fatty alcohols with ethylene oxide leading to a condensation of polyethylene glycolether groups on the alcohol chains. The fatty alcohols can be derived from petrochemical, palm kernel, or coconut oil. The reaction takes place at temperatures ranging from 150°C to 200°C. The grade of ethoxylation, e.g. the specific number of polyether units condensed to the alcohol chains, is controlled by the concentration of ethylene oxid in the ethoxylation process. |
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Type of data set | LCI result | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
LCI Method Principle | Attributional | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Deviation from LCI method principle / explanations | The background data use the "Recycled content cut-off" approach to allocate end-of-life by-products and secondary materials. This allocation is explained in the description of the recycled content system model (http://www.ecoinvent.org/database/system-models-in-ecoinvent-3/cut-off-system-model/allocation-cut-off-by-classification.html). | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Deviations from LCI method approaches / explanations | Allocation following the ISO 14044 hierarchy. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Modelling constants | All modelling constants follow the requirements of the Guide for EF compliant data sets version 2.0 (JRC, 2020). Completeness: All known environmental flows are included. All known resource uses and emissions are listed in the inventory. Water use: water use is modelled at country level using separate flows for water withdrawal, water release and water evaporation. Cut-off: All known environmental flows are included. All known resource uses and emissions are listed in the inventory. Handling multi-functional processes: the following PEF multi- functionality decision hierarchy is applied for resolving all multi- functionality problems: (1) subdivision or system expansion; (2) allocation based on a relevant underlying physical relationship (substitution may apply here); (3) allocation based on some other relationship. Direct land use change: GHG emissions from direct LUC allocated to good/service for 20 years after the LUC occurs, with IPCC default values. Carbon storage and delayed emissions: credits associated with temporary (carbon) storage or delayed emissions up to 300 years are not be considered. Emissions off-setting: are not included. Capital goods (including infrastructures) and their End of life: they are included. System boundaries: system boundaries include all processes linked to the product supply chain (e.g. maintenance). Time period: emissions and removals are modelled as if released or removed at the beginning of the assessment method. Fossil and biogenic carbon emissions and removals: removals and emissions are modelled as follows: All GHG emissions from fossil fuels (including peat and limestone) are modelled consistently with the most updated EF list of elementary flows. The non-fossil (biogenic) carbon flows are modelled consistently with the most updated EF list of elementary flows.</ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Deviation from modelling constants / explanations | None | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Data cut-off and completeness principles | All known environmental flows are included. All known resource uses and emissions are listed in the inventory. The dataset dry mass balance has been checked to ensure the inventory is complete. Capital goods (e.g. infrastructure) and their end-of-life are included. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Deviation from data cut-off and completeness principles / explanations | None | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Data selection and combination principles | These datasets include, in both their foreground and background data, links to energy and transport data provided specifically for the PEF transition phase. The relevant background data on energy and transport are from the existing LCDN data node (http://lcdn.thinkstep.com/Node/). All other background data in the supply chain of this product are from the ecoinvent v3.3 database (www.ecoinvent.org). | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Deviation from data selection and combination principles / explanations | None | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Data treatment and extrapolations principles | Several data sources have been used to model the inventory. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Deviation from data treatment and extrapolations principles / explanations | None | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Uncertainty adjustments | None | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Completeness of product model | All relevant flows quantified | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Project | Provision of "Chemicals" process-based product environmental footprint-compliant life cycle inventory datasets. Contract number: 070201/2019/819505/SER/ENV.B.1. |
Intended applications | Implementation of regular Product Environmental Footprint (PEF) studies and Organisation Environmental Footprint (OEF) studies exclusively under the specified Product groups and sectors as defined in the Product Environmental Footprint Category Rules (PEFCR) and Organisation Environmental Footprint Sectorial Rules (OEFSR) listed in http://ec.europa.eu/environment/eussd/smgp/PEFCR_OEFSR.htm |
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Time stamp (last saved) | 2022-11-03T11:10:05.463+01:00 |
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UUID | 958f23fe-d0f3-44d4-98c5-bc3748620ee6 |
Date of last revision | 2020-09-02T14:36:46.261632+02:00 |
Data set version | 04.02.000 |
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Workflow and publication status | Data set finalised; entirely published |
Owner of data set | |
Copyright | Yes |
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License type | Free of charge for some user types or use types |
Access and use restrictions | Free of charge for all final users implementing a regular Product Environmental Footprint (PEF) studies and Organisation Environmental Footprint (OEF) studies exclusively under the specified Product groups and sectors as defined in the Product Environmental Footprint Category Rules (PEFCR) and Organisation Environmental Footprint Sectorial Rules (OEFSR) listed in http://ec.europa.eu/environment/eussd/smgp/PEFCR_OEFSR.htm and in accordance with the terms and conditions of the EULA (available at https://ecoinvent.lca-data.com/) exclusively until 31st December 2024. Any use of this dataset or any derivative data not within the specific context of one of the PEF/OEF projects or after the end of 2024 is not permitted. |