General comment TYPE OF DATASET
Each chemical compound is provided in aggregated (LCI results) and level-1 disaggregated (unit process, single operation) form. For more information, see the report (ecoinvent Association, 2020, Data on the Production of Chemicals created for the EU Product Environmental Footprint (PEF) transition phase implementation, www.ecoinvent.org, ecoinvent Association, Zurich, Switzerland). This dataset represents the LCI results.
PROCESS DESCRIPTION
This activity represents the production of 1 kg of basic chrome sulfate; basic chrome sulfate is one of the key agents in leather tanning (Panda 2016). This dataset the result of communication with COTANCE - 'Working for the Leather Industry in Europe' and data developed for PRODUCT ENVIRONMENTAL FOOTPRINT CATEGORY RULES (PEFCR) Leather pilot Final version (Andrea Fontanella, Ioannis Ioannidis, Primiano De Rosa-Giglio, Benedetta Nucci, Gustavo Gonzalez-Quijano and Federico Brugnoli on behalf of the Technical Secretariat for the Leather Pilot; 23 January 2017). For further information regarding this data please refer to the responsible organisation.
References
ecoinvent (2017) Data on the Production of Chemicals created for the EU Product Environmental Footprint (PEF) pilot phase implementation, www.ecoinvent.org, ecoinvent Association, Zürich, Switzerland
Gendorf (2016) Umwelterklärung 2015, Werk Gendorf Industriepark, www.gendorf.de
Fontanella et al. 2017. PRODUCT ENVIRONMENTAL FOOTPRINT CATEGORY RULES (PEFCR) Leather pilot Final version.
Panda et al. 2016. Cleaner production of basic chromium sulfate – with a review of sustainable green production options. Journal of cleaner Production. Vol 112, pp. 4854-4862
Water content of the reference product: 0.0 kg
Biogenic carbon content of the reference product: 0.0 kg
DATA QUALITY ASSESSMENT
The data quality ratings for the datasets were determined as the average of the 5 individual ratings for Technological Representativeness, Geographical Representativeness, Time-related representativeness, Precision/uncertainty, and implementation of the End of Life Formula. The final scores for these 5 descriptors were determined by the independent, external reviewer after a discussion with the internal reviewers. The basis for this determination was generally a contribution analysis of the material and energy inputs as well as direct resource uses and emissions. This process was required by the tender.
The contribution analysis is based on the most important flows in the dataset, defined in the tender specifications as "the unit processes contributing cumulatively to at least to 80% of the total environmental impact based on characterised and normalised results". In addition to unit processes, direct emissions also qualified as input exchanges for this approach. For the normalization, the normalisation factors "EC-JRC Global (2010 or 2013), per person" available at http://eplca.jrc.ec.europa.eu/?page_id=140 were used. For each parameter, the DQR scores were chosen to best reflect the conditions and quality of the amount value, the appropriateness of the chosen exchange for the specific needs of the system under analysis, and the quality of the foreground and background data for aggregated inputs of exchanges from the technosphere, i.e. not direct emissions or resource uses.
ENERGY AND TRANSPORT INFORMATION SOURCE
Energy and transport was used in both the foreground and background of this dataset. When building the dataset, energy and transport demands were supplied directly by datasets provided by Sphera. The background for every other input from technosphere uses a modified version of the ecoinvent database, created specifically for the PEF. In this version, every instance of energy and transport supply, anywhere in the database, was replaced by a dataset from Sphera. This ensures that every demand for energy and transport, in the foreground and in the background, is supplied by a Sphera dataset.
BILL OF MATERIALS
The bill of material includes the following inputs:
chromium: 0.75 kg
soda ash, light, crystalline, heptahydrate: 0.18 kg
sodium hydroxide, without water, in 50% solution state: 0.04 kg
sulfur: 0.17 kg
sulfuric acid: 0.02 kg
quicklime, in pieces, loose: 0.01 kg
iron(III) chloride, without water, in 14% iron solution state: 0.02 kg
inert waste, for final disposal: -0.64 kg
sulfur dioxide, liquid: 0.01 kg
tap water: 6.53 kg
wastewater, from residence: -0.0002 m3
Natural gas, at consumer Russia: 0.0396005184685 kg
Natural gas, at consumer Brazil: 0.045726400523 kg
Natural gas, at consumer New Zealand: 0.00586127995498 kg
Natural gas, at consumer Australia: 0.0358841000586 kg
Natural gas, at consumer China: 0.116982208521 kg
Natural gas, at consumer Lithuania: 0.00134570355167 kg
Natural gas, at consumer Norway: 0.0157603693835 kg
Natural gas, at consumer Luxembourg: 0.0019511532621 kg
Natural gas, at consumer Poland: 0.0157527073195 kg
Natural gas, at consumer Portugal: 0.00994406505708 kg
Natural gas, at consumer Latvia: 0.000831497969577 kg
Natural gas, at consumer Bulgaria: 0.00149772112524 kg
Natural gas, at consumer Slovenia: 0.00185136008762 kg
Diesel: 0.48 kg
Electricity: 0.94 kWh
Natural gas, at consumer Croatia: 0.00232323158978 kg
Natural gas, at consumer India: 0.043239932048 kg
Natural gas, at consumer Romania: 0.00512698560888 kg
Natural gas, at consumer Estonia: 0.000720765471212 kg.
NOT INCLUDED EXCHANGES
All known elementary exchanges are included.
PROCESS DIAGRAM LEGEND
The file 'Diagram of data for chemicals EF3.0' presents the general structure of the processes created for the EF chemical data. A complete flow diagram for the selected process is available in the relevant section. |