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General comment TYPE OF DATASET
For every chemical compound three datasets are created; the unit process (partially terminated system), the non-energy and transport component of the partially terminated system, and the cumulative life cycle inventory dataset (system process). For more information and flow chart see the report (ecoinvent, 2017, Data on the Production of Chemicals created for the EU Product Environmental Footprint (PEF) pilot phase implementation, www.ecoinvent.org, ecoinvent Association, Z\xc3\xbcrich, Switzerland). This dataset represent the cumulative life cycle inventory dataset (system process).
PROCESS DESCRIPTION
This activity represents the production of 1 kg of basic chrome sulfate; basic chrome sulfate is one of the key agents in leather tanning (Panda 2016). This dataset the result of communication with COTANCE - 'Working for the Leather Industry in Europe' and data developed for PRODUCT ENVIRONMENTAL FOOTPRINT CATEGORY RULES (PEFCR) Leather pilot Final version (Andrea Fontanella, Ioannis Ioannidis, Primiano De Rosa-Giglio, Benedetta Nucci, Gustavo Gonzalez-Quijano and Federico Brugnoli on behalf of the Technical Secretariat for the Leather Pilot; 23 January 2017). For further information regarding this data please refer to the responsible organisation.
References
ecoinvent (2017) Data on the Production of Chemicals created for the EU Product Environmental Footprint (PEF) pilot phase implementation, www.ecoinvent.org, ecoinvent Association, Z\xc3\xbcrich, Switzerland
Gendorf (2016) Umwelterkl\xc3\xa4rung 2015, Werk Gendorf Industriepark, www.gendorf.de
Fontanella et al. 2017. PRODUCT ENVIRONMENTAL FOOTPRINT CATEGORY RULES (PEFCR) Leather pilot Final version.
Panda et al. 2016. Cleaner production of basic chromium sulfate \xe2\x80\x93 with a review of sustainable green production options. Journal of cleaner Production. Vol 112, pp. 4854-4862
Water content of the reference product: 0.0 kg
Biogenic carbon content of the reference product: 0.0 kg
DATA QUALITY ASSESSMENT
The data quality ratings for the datasets were determined as the average of the 5 individual ratings for Technological Representativeness, Geographical Representativeness, Time-related representativeness, Precision/uncertainty, and implementation of the End of Life Formula. The final scores for these 5 descriptors were determined by the independent, external reviewer after a discussion with the internal reviewers. The basis for this determination was generally a contribution analysis of the material and energy inputs as well as direct resource uses and emissions. This process was required by the tender.
The contribution analysis is based on the most important flows in the dataset, defined in the tender specifications as \xe2\x80\x9cthe unit processes contributing cumulatively to at least to 80% of the total environmental impact based on characterised and normalised results\xe2\x80\x9d. In addition to unit processes, direct emissions also qualified as input exchanges for this approach. For the normalization, the normalisation factors \xe2\x80\x9cEC-JRC Global (2010 or 2013), per person\xe2\x80\x9d available at http://eplca.jrc.ec.europa.eu/?page_id=140 were used. For each parameter, the DQR scores were chosen to best reflect the conditions and quality of the amount value, the appropriateness of the chosen exchange for the specific needs of the system under analysis, and the quality of the foreground and background data for aggregated inputs of exchanges from the technosphere, i.e. not direct emissions or resource uses.
ENERGY AND TRANSPORT INFORMATION SOURCE
Energy and transport was used in both the foreground and background of this dataset. When building the dataset, energy and transport demands were supplied directly by datasets provided by thinkstep. The background for every other input from technosphere uses a modified version of the ecoinvent database, created specifically for the PEF. In this version, every instance of energy and transport supply, anywhere in the database, was replaced by a dataset from thinkstep. This ensures that every demand for energy and transport, in the foreground and in the background, is supplied by a thinkstep dataset.
BILL OF MATERIALS
The bill of material includes the following inputs:
chromium: 0.75 kg
soda ash, light, crystalline, heptahydrate: 0.18 kg
sodium hydroxide, without water, in 50% solution state: 0.04 kg
sulfur: 0.17 kg
sulfuric acid: 0.02 kg
quicklime, in pieces, loose: 0.01 kg
iron(III) chloride, without water, in 14% iron solution state: 0.02 kg
inert waste, for final disposal: -0.64 kg
sulfur dioxide, liquid: 0.01 kg
tap water: 6.53 kg
wastewater, from residence: -0.0002 m3
Natural gas, at consumer Russia: 0.0396005184685 kg
Natural gas, at consumer Brazil: 0.045726400523 kg
Natural gas, at consumer New Zealand: 0.00586127995498 kg
Natural gas, at consumer Australia: 0.0358841000586 kg
Natural gas, at consumer China: 0.116982208521 kg
Natural gas, at consumer Lithuania: 0.00134570355167 kg
Natural gas, at consumer Norway: 0.0157603693835 kg
Natural gas, at consumer Luxembourg: 0.0019511532621 kg
Natural gas, at consumer Poland: 0.0157527073195 kg
Natural gas, at consumer Portugal: 0.00994406505708 kg
Natural gas, at consumer Latvia: 0.000831497969577 kg
Natural gas, at consumer Bulgaria: 0.00149772112524 kg
Natural gas, at consumer Slovenia: 0.00185136008762 kg
Diesel: 0.48 kg
Electricity: 0.94 kWh
Natural gas, at consumer Croatia: 0.00232323158978 kg
Natural gas, at consumer India: 0.043239932048 kg
Natural gas, at consumer Romania: 0.00512698560888 kg
Natural gas, at consumer Estonia: 0.000720765471212 kg.
NOT INCLUDED EXCHANGES
The following exchanges have not been included in the inventory as they are not part of the official list of elementary exchanges published by the JRC. The EC and JRC were not able to provide an extended flow list during the duration of the data creation. If the JRC decides to include these exchanges in the master data, they may be added to the exchange section of the dataset by ecoinvent as part of a maintenance. The absence of these exchanges does not change the scores calculated with the ILCD recommended methods, but that might not be the case for other LCIA methods.
Fatty acid methyl ester, Emissions to air, Emissions to air, unspecified: 1.51e-14 kg
inland water bodies, Resources, Land occupation: 0.000498 m2*a
sodium hydroxide, Emissions to water, Emissions to water, unspecified: 4.71e-14 kg
sodium hypochlorite, Emissions to water, Emissions to water, unspecified: 8.77e-14 kg
PROCESS DIAGRAM LEGEND
The file 'chemical_dataset_diagram.jpg' presents the relationship between partially terminated datasets, energy and transport from datasets from thinkstep, and the aggregated inputs dataset. The aggregated inputs dataset is available on the node, under the name 'basic chrome sulfate production, aggregated inputs, ZA.xml'
The following datasets from thinkstep are used as inputs of energy:
0.0396 kg of Natural gas, at consumer Russia from Natural gas mix - RU
0.0457 kg of Natural gas, at consumer Brazil from Natural gas mix - BR
0.00586 kg of Natural gas, at consumer New Zealand from Natural gas mix - NZ
0.0359 kg of Natural gas, at consumer Australia from Natural gas mix - AU
0.117 kg of Natural gas, at consumer China from Natural gas mix - CN
0.00135 kg of Natural gas, at consumer Lithuania from Natural gas mix - LT
0.0158 kg of Natural gas, at consumer Norway from Natural gas mix - NO
0.00195 kg of Natural gas, at consumer Luxembourg from Natural gas mix - LU
0.0158 kg of Natural gas, at consumer Poland from Natural gas mix - PL
0.00994 kg of Natural gas, at consumer Portugal from Natural gas mix - PT
0.000831 kg of Natural gas, at consumer Latvia from Natural gas mix - LV
0.0015 kg of Natural gas, at consumer Bulgaria from Natural gas mix - BG
0.00185 kg of Natural gas, at consumer Slovenia from Natural gas mix - SI
0.48 kg of Diesel from Diesel at refinery - ZA
0.94 kWh of Electricity from Electricity grid mix 1kV-60kV - ZA
0.00232 kg of Natural gas, at consumer Croatia from Natural gas mix - HR
0.0432 kg of Natural gas, at consumer India from Natural gas mix - IN
0.00513 kg of Natural gas, at consumer Romania from Natural gas mix - RO
0.000721 kg of Natural gas, at consumer Estonia from Natural gas mix - EE
The following datasets from thinkstep are used as inputs of transport:
0.0342 metric ton*km of Transport from Articulated lorry transport, Euro 3, Total weight >32 t (without fuel) - EU-28+3
0.00251 metric ton*km of Transport from Articulated lorry transport, Euro 3, Total weight 20-26 t (without fuel) - EU-28+3
0.0148 metric ton*km of Transport from Articulated lorry transport, Total weight 20-26 t, mix Euro 0-5 - ROW w/o EU-28+3
0.0111 metric ton*km of Transport from Articulated lorry transport, Total weight 14-20 t, mix Euro 0-5 - ROW w/o EU-28+3
0.00739 metric ton*km of Transport from Articulated lorry transport, Total weight 28-32 t, mix Euro 0-5 - ROW w/o EU-28+3
0.00126 metric ton*km of Transport from Articulated lorry transport, Euro 3, Total weight 28-32 t (without fuel) - EU-28+3
0.00204 metric ton*km of Transport from Articulated lorry transport, Euro 3, Total weight 14-20 t (without fuel) - EU-28+3
0.00192 metric ton*km of Transport from Articulated lorry transport, Euro 3, Total weight <7.5 t (without fuel) - EU-28+3
0.000156 metric ton*km of Transport from Articulated lorry transport, Euro 3, Total weight 12-14 t (without fuel) - EU-28+3
0.000352 metric ton*km of Transport from Articulated lorry transport, Euro 3, Total weight 7,5-12 t (without fuel) - EU-28+3
0.0316 metric ton*km of Transport from Articulated lorry transport, Euro 4, Total weight >32 t (without fuel) - EU-28+3
0.00103 metric ton*km of Transport from Articulated lorry transport, Euro 4, Total weight 20-26 t (without fuel) - EU-28+3
0.00166 metric ton*km of Transport from Articulated lorry transport, Euro 4, Total weight 12-14 t (without fuel) - EU-28+3
0.00218 metric ton*km of Transport from Articulated lorry transport, Euro 4, Total weight 14-20 t (without fuel) - EU-28+3
0.00125 metric ton*km of Transport from Articulated lorry transport, Euro 4, Total weight <7.5 t (without fuel) - EU-28+3
0.000249 metric ton*km of Transport from Articulated lorry transport, Euro 4, Total weight 7,5-12 t (without fuel) - EU-28+3
0.0134 metric ton*km of Transport from Articulated lorry transport, Euro 5, Total weight >32 t (without fuel) - EU-28+3
0.00068 metric ton*km of Transport from Articulated lorry transport, Euro 5, Total weight 12-14 t (without fuel) - EU-28+3
0.000419 metric ton*km of Transport from Articulated lorry transport, Euro 5, Total weight 20-26 t (without fuel) - EU-28+3
0.00089 metric ton*km of Transport from Articulated lorry transport, Euro 5, Total weight 14-20 t (without fuel) - EU-28+3
0.000499 metric ton*km of Transport from Articulated lorry transport, Euro 5, Total weight <7.5 t (without fuel) - EU-28+3
0.000117 metric ton*km of Transport from Articulated lorry transport, Euro 5, Total weight 7,5-12 t (without fuel) - EU-28+3
9.67 metric ton*km of Transporting capacity from Transoceanic ship, containers - GLO
0.403 metric ton*km of Transport from Freight train, diesel traction - EU-28+3
0.408 metric ton*km of Transport from Freight train, electricity traction - EU-28+3
0.0166 metric ton*km of Transport from Freight train, average (without fuel) - EU-28+3
0.00377 metric ton*km of Transport from Barge - EU-28+3
0.00763 metric ton*km of Transport from Barge - ROW w/o EU-28+3
0.11 metric ton*km of Transporting capacity from Transoceanic ship, bulk - GLO |
